Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
Volume:15 Issue: 5, 2011

Cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme known as a regulatory factor in synaptic plasticity. It has been reported that synaptic plasticity is one of the mechanisms involved in learning and memory processes. In the current study peripheral injection's effects of sodium salicylate (as a non selective COX inhibitor) on spatial learning and memory have been investigated. Four groups of male rats received different doses of sodium salicylate (0, 200, 300, 400 mg/kg; i.p.). Studies were performed using Morris Water Maze (MWM). Spatial learning and memory parameters were subjected to the one- and two-way analyses of variance (ANOVAs) followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. Data showed that intraperitoneal injection of sodium salicylate had not significant effect on spatial learning parameters (including escape latency and traveled distance to hidden platform in training days); but administration of high dose of the drug (400 mg/kg) significantly increased the percentage of time that animals spent in the target quadrant in probe trial testing. Peripheral injection of the COX inhibitor has no significant effect on spatial learning; but potentiates spatial memory consolidation using MWM.

Women's dissatisfaction with childbirth experience may have immediate and long-term effects on their health and relationship with infant. There is not enough documented researchs in this area. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of LI4 Acupressure on delivery satisfaction in women referring to Fatemieh hospital in Shahroud. In this experimental study 100 women in labor referring to delivery room of the hospital in Shahroud were randomly assigned into experimental (n=50) or control group (n=50). The experimental group received LI4 acupressure at the onset active phases for duration of each uterine contraction over a period of 20 minutes and the control group received only LI4 touch. An observation checklist and information forms were used for data collection and content validity method was used for validating of questionnairs. Delivery satisfaction was measured immediately after delivery in both groups. There was significantly different in satisfaction rates between two groups (P=0.017). 86% of experimental group and 68% of control group expressed their satisfaction in highest score (score 6). According to the finding, it seems that LI4 acupressure has some positive effect on delivery satisfaction in women. Therefore using this easy and applicable method in delivery rooms is recommended.

Low back pain (LBP) is the second most common medical complaint. It’s estimated that about 70-85% of the population will suffer at least one episode of LBP during their life. The aim of present study was to compare the effects of massage and modality in patient with sub-acute and chronic non-specific LBP In this clinical trial study 30 women (MeanAge: 33.96±10.93) with sub-acute and chronic non-specific LBP (Mean pain-duration:9.68±3.38)were included in the study and randomized into two equal groups; massage and modality. Patients in both group underwent 10 sessions treatment period. Pain (numerical-pain-scale,NRS), functional disability index (oswestry-disability-index,ODI) and lumbar-flexion(modified-schober-test)were recorded before and immediately after treatment period. Data was analyzed using paired t-test and independent sample t-test. Significant improvement showed in both groups separately in pain-intensity, disability level, and flexion after treatment (P

The infection in the neonatal period is a significant cause of mortality in the preterm neonates. The transfer of the immunoglobulin from mother to fetus occurs mainly after 32 to 34 weeks of gestation. Therefore, preterm neonates are relatively immune compromised. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of intravenous immunoglobulin on mortality rates reduction in preterm neonates. A randomised clinical trial coducted from Jan2008 to July 2009 in Imam Reza hospital of Kermanshah - Iran. The population was 40 preterm neonates with gestational age less than 34 weeks admitted in the NICU with probable sepsis (clinical sepsis + Lab test). They have been divided into two case and control groups with 20 subjects in each group. The case group received 500 mg/kg intravenous immunoglobulin during first 24 hours of admission in addition to routine treatments, which were the same in both group. Before and 6 hours after administration of intravenous immunoglobulin serum level of IgG was measured in treatment group. Then data were analyzed with SPSS software and Fisher's exact test and X2 test were analyzed. Mortality rate was higher in control than treatment group, but it was no statistically significan. There were not significant differences in variables including the need for ventilation, exchange transfusion, admission duration and positive blood culture. Serum IgG levels significantly increased after administration of immunoglobulin in treatment group (p=0.001). Useing intravenous immunoglobulin in the treatment of sepsis increased serum level of IgG but did not effect on mortality rate and admission duration in preterm neonates.

exercise is a widely prescribed treatment for chronic low back pain. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks exercise on pain, disability and endurance of trunk flexor-extensor muscles in female with chronic idiopathic low back pain. This clinical trial study has been done on 12 patients who referred to the Arak city clinics. The function of trunk flexor-extensor muscles in cases was compared to function of 18 normal females. We use the Quebec pain questionnaire, Oswerstry disability questionnaire and Sorenson and Sit-Up tests. Exercise therapy was performed in three 45 minute’s sessions per week. Each session was performed in 3 set. Exercises were repeated 8-12 point in each set. The data was analyzed using t-test. Endurance of trunk flexor-extensor muscles of patients was significantly lower than normal subjects (P

Chemical weapon victims are suffering from physical difficulties and psychological trainings may help to decrease these problems. The purpose of this research was to examine the effectiveness of mindfulness and emotion regulation training on physical and psychological well-being in chemical weapon victims.

An experimental, pre-post and follow-up study designed. Forty seven chemical weapon victims men with low mental health in Sardasht city (North-Western Iran) randomly selected and assigned into three groups: 1-Mindfulness training group 2- Emotion regulation training group and 3- Control group. The first two groups were received mindfulness-based stress eduction training and emotion regulation training respectively, while no training provided for control group. Data was collected using the General Health Questionnaire, and Physical Syndromes Scale. Analysis of variance with repeated measure was used for analyzing the data.

Results indicated that mindfulness and emotion regulation were significantly improved physical syndromes and mental health in chemical weapon victims. Also, the effectiveness of mindfulness in follow-up scores of physical syndromes and in post-test and follow-up scores of mental health was higher than the base line scores (P

Diagnosis of kidney scar could prevent vesico urethral reflax and its complications such as hypertension and renal failure. This study was conducted to determine average kidney length and volume in infants by sonography to accurate diagnosis of scars. This study was conducted on infants with the history of UTI who referred to Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah Iran, for DMSA scan. They underwent kidney sonography before DMSA scan. Difference in kidney length and volume were calculated and data was recorded and were analyzed using statistical tests. Right kidney length was less than left in 60% of right kidney scars this rate was 77.8% in nonscar patients (P=0.657). Left kidney length was less than right in 50% of left kidney scar and that was 22% in nonscar patients (P=0.241). Kidney volume was smaller than other side in 55.6% of right kidney scar and 62.5% of left kidney scar. Higher length detected in 100% and 47% of right and left kidney inflammation respectively. Higher volume detected in 40% and 76.5% of right and left kidney inflammation. In comparison with other studies suggesting kidney length as a valuble predictor for diagnosis of scar we did not find any relationship between scar and kidney length or volume.

Major beta thalassemia is the most common inherited anemia with high prevalence in Iran and hearing loss is one of its side effects. The present study aimed to determine the hearing status of patients with major thalassemia and its relationship with serum ferritin level, period of blood transfusion and Dessfroxamin administration. This descriptive-analytic study was performed on 80 thalassemia major patients (36 Male and 44 Female) aged 4-32 (14.2 ±2.3) who were referred to Bou Ali Hospital for two years. The studied variables include age, gender, serum ferritin level, amount and duration of Desferal injection and hearing level. All subjects went under evaluation for their otologic and audiometric status. The collected data were analyzed using t-test and ANOVA with SPSS software. The findings of the study indicated that 38 patients (47%) had entirely hearing loss. Among these 38 patients, 17 patients had sensory neural type f hearing loss 12 patients had conductive and 7 patients had mixed type of hearing problems. The results showed a significant relationship (p

Increasing elderly population has been lead to increased number of hospices and their customers. However, the lived experiences of elderly home residents have been less noticed. This study aimed to investigate the lived experiences of elderly residents of Kashan's Golabchi elderly hospice. In this qualitative study based on phenomenological approach data collected using purposive sampling and deep open interview, narrative collection method until data saturation was obtained. Data were analyzed using Van Manen’s six step method. Fifteen elderly with age range 65-73 years and average length of stay of 2.5 years participated in the study. Five items were extracted from data, including of "rejection and isolation", "feel failure and disgrace", "adaptation", "satisfaction" and "being monotonous and waiting". Most of the participants felt that were rejected by their families and the community. Their life was tedious and this had reduced their life passion and they were waiting for the end of life. Most of the elderly had not positive experiences of living in the hospice. Inattention of the family and the condition of the hospice environment made them a feel of “isolation and being rejected” along with a “feel of failure and disgrace”. Improving the validity of elderly home residents, may be achieved by improving communication culture of this population, elderly hospices condition and appropriate training of geriatric nurses.

Drug users (opiate dependency) account for about 65% of all AIDS cases in Iran. Drug injection has been identified as the most common way of HIV transmission in these patients. This study aimed to determine self-efficacy, and perceived benefits / barriers of AIDs preventive behaviors in opiate dependency. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2009.The study population was 86 drug user men at Re-birth association in Zarandieh city. The data were collected using self-administered questionnaires includeing demographic characteristics, perceived benefits/barriers of self-efficacy and AIDS preventive behaviors. Data was analyzed with ANOVA, regression and correlation coefficients and descriptive statistical methods. Regression analysis showed that age, education level, knowledge and perceived benefits/barriers, self-efficacy, all together explain 28% of AIDS preventive behaviors variance. Perceived barriers and self- efficacy were the most important predicting factor. 63% of the samples believed that they have ability of HIV-preventive behaviors. The study showed the relationship of perceived benefits/barriers, self- efficacy with AIDS preventive behaviors. It is suggested that the findings of this study may be used as a basis for designing interventions to improve better performance in the concerned area.

Increased thoracic kyphosis more than normal ranges are assessed as abnormal. But normal ranges of thoracic kyphosis in deferent age groups have not been identified in our country yet. The aim of present study was investigation of normal ranges of thoracic kyphosis to use as a diagnosis tool in school aged children in Kermanshah, Western-Iran. A descriptive research designed and ethical approval was obtained. 582 student boys 13 - 18 years old were cluster sampled randomly from two guidance and two high schools. Each age group included 97 students. Dorsal curves were measured using flexicurve method. Normal range of boy student’s kyphosis was determined using descriptive statistics of mean and two standard deviations. The mean thoracic kyphosis values ranged from 18.29 to 52.50 degrees. It was 34.41±7.47 for age 13 and 35.55±7.07 degree for age 18. It increased gradually from 13 to 16 and then there was a little decrease to 18 years. Our results showed a little difference with other similar studies, which may be related to different measurement methods or personal characteristics. These can be used as normal values for local schools and these normal values need to be determined for all age groups in different population.

Drug addiction is one of the social health problems at the present century. The high risk sexual behaviors as well as drug abusing are factors of sexually transmitted infections. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections and high risk behaviors among women who have referred to a de-addiction center. In this descriptive study, 76 women who have referred to Niloofar de-addiction center in Kermanshah-Western Iran, were recruited using convenience sampling method. Questionnaire was completed by all subjects and blood sample were taken to determine Hepatitis B, Syphilis, and Herpes simplex virus infection. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t- test, Chi-2 and the Fisher exact test. The mean age of women was 35.22±0.99 year. 51.3% of subjects were illiterate and 48.7% were supported by social welfare system. There were not common needle using and multiple sexual contacts in the subjects. None of the subjects had positive test for hepatitis B and syphilis but HSV antibody was determined in 91.6% of subjects. In this study, high-risk behaviors and sexually transmitted diseases were less than expected. This study was carried out in a state governmental clinic, future studies in different populations of addicted women referred to prison and private sectors are recommended.